Comparative Methods
in Political & Social Research

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David Levi-Faur

For students of School of Political Sciences The University of Haifa

 

For the Greeks and the Romans, as for us,
all political science was in a sense
comparative politics. Political science
has its beginning when an observer notes
that another people is not governed as
we are. Why?
W.J.M. Mackenzie, Cited by Rose, 1991

 

 

"To have mastered "theory" and "method" is to have
become a conscious thinker , a man at work and
aware of the assumptions and implications of whatever he
is about. To be mastered by "method" or "theory" is simply
to be kept from working" (C. Wright Mills). The sentence
applies nicely to the present plight of political science.
The profession as a whole oscillates between unsound
extremes. At the one end a large majority of political
scientists qualify as pure and simple unconscious thinkers.
At the other end a sophisticated minority qualify as
over-conscious thinkers [Those who refuse to
discuss heat unless they are given a thermometer], in the
sense that their standards of method and theory are drawn
from the physical, "paradigmatic" sciences" ( Sartori, 1970, 1033).

 

Comparative politics...
stand before its greatest
challenge yet. Never before
were so many fundamental
questions raised at one
and the same time"

 

 

(Daalder Hans, "The Development of the Study
of Comparative Politics", in Keman Hans, (ed.),
Comparative politics: New Directions in Theory and
Method, Free University of Amsterdam Press, p. 30).

"A person who knows only one country
basically knows no country well
(S.M. Lipset)

 

"Comparative enquiry resembles foreign travel. Both are expensive, time consuming and bewildering. Both are also best done in the spirit of parochialism. We learn about abroad by comparing foreigners with ourselves. The most rewarding comparison, like the most rewarding travel, thus consists in a continuous series of surprises – sometimes at the strangeness and sometimes at the familiarity of foreign practices"


(Moran, Michael, 1991, The Politics of the Financial Services Revolution: The USA, UK and Japan, St. Martin's Press, New York, p. 1)

 

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